We show how to make glow sticks and go through all the chemicals needed as well as how to make different colors. We also talk about the chemistry and scientifically research a proposed mechanism.
To make the glow stick mix together the following:
This is so simple I can't think of a better video description than what you're seeing in the title right now. Other than maybe "Coke Can in Liquid Nitrogen narrated with creepy voice."
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7RgQOUUa9Sk
In this video we fail at making thermite from the gallium infused aluminum.
The objective was to see if the weak gallium infused aluminum could be used to make aluminum powder without going through the arduous filing step necessary for bulk aluminum. Turns out the gallium infused aluminum does crumble easily, especially with raised temperature, but doesn't become fine enough for thermite. Only filing bulk aluminum made it fine enough for thermite. Alternatively, just buying aluminum is usually the better option.
Another thing we tried was making gallium iron oxide thermite. Gallium has similar properties to aluminum so this wasn't a crazy idea. Turns out though gallium produces far too little energy to initiate a self-sustaining thermite reaction so that was a fail as well.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=51pAZxuqpUY
In this video we purify and dry highly contaminated diethyl ether using potassium hydroxide and sodium metal.
To a 500mL portion of dethyl ether we add 30g of potassium hydroxide and stir over night. The diethyl ether is then decanted off the aqueous layer of dissolved contaminants. Now 10g of sodium metal are added to the diethyl ether and the mixture stirred while loosely stopped to allow hydrogen escape. After all visible hydrogen evolution ceases (usually about one day) the flask is tightly stopped and allowed to stir vigorously until the sodium metal begins cold welding together into larger and larger aggregates. Alternatively, for professional labs, 0.2g of benzophenone maybe added before sealing and the color change to red or purple is indicated. This takes a couple of days but can take a week.
Then the diethyl ether is distilled and used immediately for grignard reactions.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EEXqjJd0Bak
NurdRage Presents: 4 ways to make fire without matches or lighters using chemistry.
Warning: These experiments are for educational purposes only and are not meant to be repeated.
First, a small mount of potassium permanganate is mixed with glycerin. The reaction might be too slow to do anything so we added a few drops of water to get things going.
Second, a mixture of ammonium nitrate and zinc is place ontop of a paper towel. The finer the ingredients are the better this will work. To activate it a few drops of hydrochloric acid are added. (We are well aware that addition of chloride from salt or ammonium chloride will produce a water-activated mixture. But we specifically choose not to demonstrate this for safety reasons, as that particular composition can spontaneously ignite during handling causing severe injury).
Third, a piece of tissue is soaked in acetone to make it more flammable. Then a drop of sulfuric acid is drawn into a pipette and the pipette is dipped in potassium permanganate to pick up some crystals. Then the sulfuric acid is squeezed out causing it to mix with permanganate and form manganese heptoxide that instantly sets the tissue on fire.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vgh76gPSg3M
Glassware generously provided by http://www.alchemylabsupply.com/
Use the discount code "copper" for a 5% discount.
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Make ferric chloride: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=43Xsh9J7S-g
Burn steel wool: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5MDH92VxPEQ
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZQ67POLiqg
Here we freeze acetone with liquid nitrogen.
This is a little different from freezing water because the mist produced is very dense and you can actually scoop it up in your hand very easily. I'm not actually touching liquid nitrogen, I'm just touching the acetone mist above it.
Also when it freezes the acetone becomes a snow rather than just creating a sheet of ice like in water.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PigqSwbRe0Q
We show how to make an Aluminum Air Battery
"Air" batteries are batteries that use oxygen from the air as an oxidant for their chemistry. Most batteries on the other hand carry another chemical as their oxidant. Air batteries are currently being researched by scientists as a means of energy storage for everything from cars to laptops.
The aluminum air battery is one of the simplest to make. To do just mix 60 grams of salt with 300mL of water. Then attach wires to a ball of aluminum foil and a piece of steel wool. Put the aluminum in the bottom of the salt water and place a paper towel over it. Then place the steel wool on top.
You now have an aluminum air battery. The iron in the steel catalyzes the reaction of oxygen with water to make hydroxide and the aluminum reacts with the hydroxide to make aluminum oxide.
The power isn't very good because aluminum metal tends to passivate under these conditions. Better chemicals and electrode materials usually fix these issues, but that's beyond the ability of the home lab.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_FxIzMwOF00
Been doing a lot of things this month, but nothing successful enough to make for a separate video. Current experiments include making sodium metal.
videos mentioned:
making ethyl propionate: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ah5ds_3s5BI
Make trimethyl orthoformate: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TmUNTkP2nw0
Make alkyl halides: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ydn1D4FSqkc
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=si3T8kZxO0s
In this video i repair the broken stirrer in my hotplate stirrer. Turns out the encoder disk snapped so to "fix" it i just glued it back in place.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iWqN9aSYzKI