In this video we make europium and dysprosium nitrate salts we'll need in upcoming videos.
Instead of buying the salts directly from our chemical supply companies we decided to make them entirely using chemicals anyone can buy online or make themselves. In this case europium metal and dysprosium metal with nitric acid.
In this video we synthesize p-chlorobenzyl chloride from para-chlorotoluene we made in an earlier video.
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Use the discount code "copper" for a 5% discount.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DQuv6LjB80
In this video we make the Epipencil. A DIY alternative to the Epipen.
DISCLAIMER: I am not a real doctor. Do not take my advice in place of an actual one. Consult a real medical doctor for any health related issues.
As you may well know, the Epipen autoinjector is used for delivering a shot of epinephrine to people suffering from severe allergic reactions. It delays the symptoms with the intent of getting the patient to a hospital where they can receive more specialized treatment.
Now it used to cost a modest $30 or so but has since been jacked up to $600 in some countries. So the epipencil autoinjector was put together by Dr. Micheal Laufner of the Four Thieves Vinegar Collective to serve as a low-cost alternative to those that may need it but cannot afford it.
Simply enough just buy an Autoject 2 injection aide and fill the disposable needles with epinephrine instead of insulin. That's pretty much it.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoQajOum6wA
We process the products of dissolving platinum in aqua regia to make chloroplatinic acid.
First we reacted 31.1g of platinum with aqua regia as seen here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=APxL87X92t4
That solution contains unreacted nitric acid so we must destroy that. To do this we first reduce volume of the platinum containing solution by evaporating or boiling. Once it's down to less than 100mL and cooled to room temperature we add in 100mL of 15M hydrochloric acid. Then we boil the solution. The solution should be covered with an empty round bottom flask to prevent splashing out of the valuable platinum. As it boils the leftover nitric acid is reacted with the hydrochloric acid to produce nitrogen dioxide, nitrosyl chloride and chlorine gases. A yellow orange or brown gas coming from the solution indicates the reaction is occurring. We keep boiling until the solution is back down to 100mL and then allow to cool. If the gases were observed then another 100mL of hydrochloric acid should be added again and the boiling down repeated. This process should be performed as often as necessary until no gases are observed.
Once all the traces of nitric acid are destroyed the solution is reduced down to ~ 50mL and allowed to dry. Since chloroplatinic acid is extremely hygroscopic I recommend using a desiccator bag or a vacuum desiccator to dry it.
Eventually it will crystallize to an orange solid. Break it up and store it in air-tight containers away from light.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MlMj3VEYBMA
In this video we dissolve platinum using chlorine gas in hydrochloric acid. A more cost effective alternative to the more common mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid or "aqua regia".
To do this we simply place a vial containing a mixture of hyrochloric acid (3mL) and platinum metal powder (337mg) in a jar along with three other vials containing trichloroisocyanuric acid (3g) and 10mL of water each. Adding 1mL of hydrochloric acid (31%) to each of the vials containing trichloroisocyanuric acid begins the generation of chlorine gas. The jar is sealed to prevent the loss of chlorine.
The chlorine gas reacts with the platinum metal and hydrochloric to produce hexachloroplatinic acid. This is a clean and highly atom efficient reaction in that all the chlorine and hydrochloric acid go into making the final product. There are no byproducts or side reactions. The nitric acid in aqua regia is not as efficient as it produces nitrogen oxides that bubble out and there are side reactions that waste nitric acid, requiring more to be used than what the equations would indicate. This is especially wasteful for platinum that is slow to dissolve like bulk platinum as nitric acid keeps needing to be replenished.
Related videos:
Make chlorine gas: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hLHfN7GvAyI
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFNtP2N2Eho
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advisable
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayIecBl3zoY
Glassware generously provided by http://www.alchemylabsupply.com/
Use the discount code "copper" for a 5% discount.
Donate to NurdRage!
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In this video we make chromium based thermite.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nEzH_499mTo
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Use the discount code "copper" for a 5% discount.
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In this video we make sulfuric acid from sulfur and water using electrolytically generated bromine as the catalyst.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ms6xbPhdVs
Thanks everyone for 25000 subscribers.
To celebrate, I went to science rendezvous 2010 at the university of Toronto and here is a sampling of some of the experiments they had.
There is actually a LOT more than what was seen here but i wasn't able to get to everything in time.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QfSGa3qEAZc
In this video we fail at making pyrimethamine using a 2-step route.
Related videos:
Pyrimethamine playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLU79801KtVAUnKYktg8sXJUaEbHKxX5xx
Grignard reactions: https://youtu.be/EFQWD7-DCPI
Dean stark apparatus: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jxgpLp279Yc
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9RlhPtx38fw