Group Differences in IQ (Intro Psych Tutorial #121)
www.psychexamreview.com In this video I consider group differences in IQ scores and the history of how group differences by race and nationality have been interpreted. This includes discussion of the eugenics movement, social Darwinism, the Army Alpha and Army Beta tests created by Robert M. Yerkes, Henry Goddard, and Lewis Terman, and problems of bias and standardization in early tests. Finally I consider the implications of these results for social policies including immigration laws and "artificial selection" via forced sterilization.
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In this video I describe two early approaches to psychology; the structuralism of Wilhelm Wundt and the functionalism of William James.
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Video transcript:
Hi, I'm Michael Corayer and this is Psych Exam Review where I answer common questions and explain the key concepts in psychology.
In this video I'm going to talk about some early approaches to psychology. We're going to start with a guy named Wilhelm Wundt and Wundt lived from 1832 to 1920, here's a picture of him here and he's generally credited with starting the world's first experimental psychology lab at the University of Leipzig.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=laBOrIIfoXA
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In this video I discuss how we can experience an indirect pressure to conform to the attitudes or behaviors of a group. I describe Muzafer Sherif's early research using the autokinetic effect to demonstrate informational influence, followed by Solomon Asch's well-known work on conformity. Asch distinguished between private acceptance and public compliance to explain why participants conformed and how they also experienced normative influence to go along with the group. Lastly I consider some criticisms of the Asch paradigm and a study by Baron, Vandello, and Brunsman investigating how task importance and desire for accuracy might influence levels of conformity.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXWy730NKLw
In this video I explain what else can happen to a neurotransmitter after release (besides binding to a receptor on the postsynaptic neuron). These include reuptake, enzyme deactivation, and autoreception, and I provide mnemonics for remembering each of these processes.
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Enable closed-captioning or find a full transcript of this video here: http://www.psychexamreview.com/what-happens-to-neurotransmitters-after-release/
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pXJXV6Z0NN4
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In this video I provide a short introduction to the ideas of humanistic psychologists Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. Maslow and Rogers both emphasized the role of an intrinsic drive towards self-actualization, or fulfilling one's greatest potential, in shaping an individual.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K3-VC-VH45A
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In this video I discuss the relationship between stress, personality, and heart disease. Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenman proposed that Type A personality, characterized by competitiveness and hostility, was associated with 7x more heart disease than Type B personality, characterized by a more laid-back and calm demeanor. The frequent spikes of blood pressure associated with episodes of anger may increase arterial damage as well as the possibility of accumulated plaque breaking off and entering blood circulation. As we'll see in future videos, stress management techniques can help with coping and reduce this risk.
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Don’t forget to subscribe to the channel to see future videos! Have questions or topics you’d like to see covered in a future video? Let me know by commenting or sending me an email!
Need more explanation? Get volume 1 of my Master Introductory Psychology series here: http://amzn.to/2ENc44U
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F5rM2Y2ZmQA
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In this video I describe two early studies looking at the role of brain structures in emotion processing; work by Heinrich Kluver & Paul Bucy, and James Olds & Peter Milner. These studies helped to identify the role of structures in the limbic system (the hypothalamus and amygdala) which are involved in motivation and emotional appraisal.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9K3UqZ7_9Vs
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In this video I describe the changes associated with puberty and adolescence, ranging from the physical to the socioemotional. Puberty causes major physical changes in both primary and secondary sex characteristics as adolescents become capable of reproduction. Cognitive changes include gradually increasing capabilities for complex thought and improvements in self-regulation. The socioemotional changes of adolescence make peer relationships more important as teens work to form their own identities.
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Don’t forget to subscribe to the channel to see future videos! Have questions or topics you’d like to see covered in a future video? Let me know by commenting or sending me an email!
Need more explanation? Get volume 1 of my Master Introductory Psychology series here: http://amzn.to/2ENc44U
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A95zvqZLQ_Q
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In this video I introduce developmental psychology, which considers how we develop physically, cognitively, socially, and morally over our lifespan. I discuss some of the recurrent themes we will see in this chapter and then describe Erikson's division of life into 8 ages: oral-sensory, muscular-anal, locomotor-genital, latency, adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood, and maturity. Each of these stages has its own unique psychosocial task that must be resolved in order to achieve a sense of ego integrity at the end of life.
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Don’t forget to subscribe to the channel to see future videos! Have questions or topics you’d like to see covered in a future video? Let me know by commenting or sending me an email!
Need more explanation? Get volume 1 of my Master Introductory Psychology series here: http://amzn.to/2ENc44U
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OgKht4cu1HI