Author: Langston Hughes File Type: pdf Creative writers have often commented that the imaginative process enables them to find comfort, healing, and restoration from the wounds of life. The darkness of pain and suffering courses like the flow of human blood in human veins through the works of Langston Hughessaturating his essays, librettos, newspaper articles, novels, plays, poems, and short stories But this darkness is ultimately transformed by catharsis. Hughes was not a translator by profession, and he was definitely aware that to translate can be to betray. Moreover, when this passionately shy North American author engaged the works of several of his internationally acclaimed colleagues, he saw translation not as an end in itself, but as a means to something larger than his own life and works.Hughes was concerned about the similarity of his experiences with those of writers from other cultures. His perennial longing for submersion into the Big Sea of black lifewhether in the Americas, Europe, Asia, or Africa--prompted him to build bridges between himself and a nationalinternational circle of writers. One of the most effective ways of doing so was to translate works by authors with whom he felt intimately connected and whose cultures illustrated essential correspondences with his own.Bodas de sangre (1933), by the Spanish poetplaywright Federico Garcia Lorca, who was brutally assassinated in 1936, is the story of a bridegroom and lover who fight to the death over the bride-to-be. Part of Hughess therapy for the emotional scars and wounds that festered in his life was to make accessible a vital work by this Spanish writer who had also experienced alienation and marginality.The poems by Nicols Guillen that Hughes and Ben Frederic Carruthers translated as Cuba Libre (1948) reveal the mutual admiration and respect between Guillen and Hughes, but they also illustrate Hughess affirmation of self, family, and community in the international arena. The title Cuba Libre was the original cry for freedom by black, white, and mixed-race patriots who fought for Cuban independence during two major wars of the nineteenth century.As early as 1927, Haitian writer Jacques Roumain had called for the intellectuals of his country to stop imitating European literature and use as models Spanish American and Harlem Renaissance authors. As a tribute to him, Hughes collaborated with Mercer Cook in translating the novel Gouverneurs de la rosee, published after Roumains death in 1944 as Masters of the Dew (1947). The novels title conveys its rebellious slant, as it tells the story of Haitian peasants who attempt after centuries of oppression to gain control over their external world.**

Author: Pierre Duhem File Type: pdf Duhems 1908 essay questions the relation between physical theory and metaphysics and, more specifically, between astronomy and physicsan issue still of importance today. He critiques the answers given by Greek thought, Arabic science, medieval Christian scholasticism, and, finally, the astronomers of the Renaissance.

Author: Thomas Baldwin File Type: pdf Merleau-Ponty was a pivotal figure in twentieth century French philosophy. He was responsible for bringing the phenomenological methods of the German philosophers - Husserl and Heidegger - to France and instigated a new wave of interest in this approach. His influence extended well beyond the boundaries of philosophy and can be seen in theories of politics, psychology, art and language.This is the first volume to bring together a comprehensive selection of Merleau-Pontys writing. Sections from the following are includedThe Primacy of PerceptionThe Structure of BehaviourThe Phenomenology of PerceptionThe Prose of the WorldThe Visible and the InvisibleSense and Non-SenseThe Adventures of the DialecticIn a substantial critical introduction Thomas Baldwin provides a critical discussion of the main themes of Merleau-Pontys philosophy, connecting it to subsequent philosophical debates and setting it in the context of the ideas of Bergson, Husserl, Heidegger and Sartre. Each text is also prefaced with an explanation which sets it in its context in Merleau-Pontys work and there are extensive suggestions for further reading to enable students to pursue the issues raised by Merleau-Ponty. Thus the book provides the ideal materials for students studying Merleau-Ponty for the first time.

Author: Samir Bhownik File Type: pdf