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In this video I provide a brief introduction to Noam Chomsky's theory of Universal Grammar, which suggests that all human languages must share certain features. The human predisposition for language acquisition which allows us to acquire any human language depending on exposure suggests that all language follow the same types of rules even though they may differ in their specific grammatical rules.
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In this video I discuss research on expertise in order to understand how experts are able to use their working memories more efficiently by having a vast number of well-practiced chunks in their long-term memories. This has been demonstrated in research by Herbert Simon and William Chase, and described by researcher Anders Ericsson in his book Peak: Secrets From the New Science of Expertise.
Peak: Secrets from the New Science of Expertise (Amazon link): https://amzn.to/3KDJxNE
Chase, W. G., & Simon, H. A. (1973). Perception in chess. Cognitive Psychology, 4(1), 55–81. doi:10.1016/0010-0285(73)90004-2
Available at: sci-hub.st/10.1016/0010-0285(73)90004-2
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hutd5_kz7Lk
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In this video I introduce examples of molecular genetics and how specific genes or chromosomes can influence traits, behaviors, or illnesses. The difference between genetic and inherited is defined and several chromosomal abnormalities are explained including Down Syndrome, Turner Syndrome, and Klinefelter Syndrome. I also mention Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) and its relationship to karyotype in understanding situations in which sex is not clearly male or female. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is also explained as an example of how specific genes influence traits while still including environmental factors.
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Need more explanation? Check out my full psychology guide: Master Introductory Psychology: http://amzn.to/2eTqm5s
Enable closed-captioning or find a full transcript of this video here: http://www.psychexamreview.com/chromosomal-abnormalities-and-molecular-genetics/
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLMwv8Rfmnk
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In this video I describe the 3 main classifications of psychoactive drugs: stimulants, depressants (including narcotics), and hallucinogens. I provide several examples of each drug type, the associated effects on the nervous sytem, and the relationship to concepts of neuroadaptation, withdrawal, tolerance, and overdose.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u8TrlO4mtvQ
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In this video I discuss the difficulties of assessing the effectiveness of treatment. These include spontaneous remission, regression to the mean, nonspecific treatment effects, and biases which can influence patient and clinician perspectives on improvement.
Disclaimer: This channel is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice for the diagnosis or treatment of psychological disorders.
Like these videos? Consider supporting Psych Exam Review on Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/PsychExamReview
Don’t forget to subscribe to the channel to see future videos! Have questions or topics you’d like to see covered in a future video? Let me know by commenting or sending me an email!
Need more explanation? Get volume 1 of my Master Introductory Psychology series here: http://amzn.to/2ENc44U
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GVggj_jcJU
In this video I cover properties, operational definitions, and construct validity. Understanding these concepts is fundamental for determining which conclusions can be drawn from a study and should always be kept in mind when considering interpretations of research.
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Need more explanation? Check out my full psychology guide: Master Introductory Psychology: http://amzn.to/2eTqm5s
Enable closed-captioning or find a full transcript of this video here: http://www.psychexamreview.com/operational-definitions-and-construct-validity/
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RUPLYxzRU4s
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In this video I introduce 3 eating disorders: bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and anorexia nervosa. I briefly describe the symptoms of these disorders and how they may arise from complex interactions of biological factors like genes or hormones and environmental factors like stress, the family environment, and social & occupational pressures.
Like these videos? Consider supporting Psych Exam Review on Patreon: www.patreon.com/PsychExamReview
Don’t forget to subscribe to the channel to see future videos! Have questions or topics you’d like to see covered in a future video? Let me know by commenting or sending me an email!
Need more explanation? Check out my full psychology guide: Master Introductory Psychology: http://amzn.to/2eTqm5s
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tENwRW2w8WM
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In this video I consider racial differences in average IQ scores. This controversy reached a peak with the publication of "The Bell Curve" by Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray in 1994. This led to publication of several papers on race and IQ stating that IQ is considered valid, reliable, and heritable, and that while group differences exist, the causes of these differences are not clearly understood. While concepts of race, environmental and societal forces, and genes may or may not all contribute to observed differences between groups, it's important to remember that knowing an individual's group membership doesn't tell one anything about that individual's IQ score.
The Bell Curve Explained (Charles Murray): http://www.aei.org/spotlight/the-bell-curve-explained/
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Check out my book, Master Introductory Psychology, an alternative to a traditional textbook: http://amzn.to/2eTqm5s
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g3hPTLn60ak
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In this video I describe how hunger is turned on (the orexigenic signal) and off (the anorexigenic signal) and how hormones and other cues influence motivation to eat. The lateral hypothalamus is involved in turning on hunger, while the ventromedial hypothalamus is involved in signaling satiety. Other hormones such as ghrelin, leptin, and insulin also influence motivation to eat, in addition to other cues like visual stimuli.
Like these videos? Consider supporting Psych Exam Review on Patreon: www.patreon.com/PsychExamReview
Don’t forget to subscribe to the channel to see future videos! Have questions or topics you’d like to see covered in a future video? Let me know by commenting or sending me an email!
Need more explanation? Check out my full psychology guide: Master Introductory Psychology: http://amzn.to/2eTqm5s
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P47xxTYJZn8
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In this video I describe the changes and challenges associated with adulthood and aging. These include new responsibilities, declines in physical and cognitive abilities, and changes in relationships over time. Despite these changes, however, most older adults see an increase in overall well-being late in life, which is likely due to a shift in the importance of emotional goals and a savoring of the present.
Like these videos? Consider supporting Psych Exam Review on Patreon: www.patreon.com/PsychExamReview
Don’t forget to subscribe to the channel to see future videos! Have questions or topics you’d like to see covered in a future video? Let me know by commenting or sending me an email!
Need more explanation? Get volume 1 of my Master Introductory Psychology series here: http://amzn.to/2ENc44U
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66-dixH4Flw