In this video we make a blob of gallium "beat" like some weird alien heart attack.
To do it, add 2g of gallium to a 10mL solution of 6M sulfuric acid and warm it up on a hot plate to 50 Celsius. It'll pull together to form a sphere of gallium. Now carefully touch the gallium with an Iron nail or iron wire. What's happening is first the gallium is reacting the sulfuric to form gallium sulfate that sticks to the surface and increases the surface tension to the point that it pulls itself together into a sphere. Then when an iron nail touches it the iron transfers electrons to the gallium (while being oxidized itself and thus dissolving slightly) and this causes the gallium sulfate to reduce back to gallium. The surface tension drops and the gallium drops away, If the iron is held just right, the gallium will drop away from the iron. The gallium then react with the sulfuric acid again and create gallium sulfate and pull itself back into a sphere. The cycle will repeat.
LINK REMOVED - I am not affiliated with the supplier at this time. Cheaper sources of gallium can be found on ebay and amazon.com ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8Tc-5pUbH8
How to make aluminum nitrate nonhydrate, one of the chemicals needed to make glow in the dark powder.
In an upcoming video we'll need aluminum nitrate nonahydrate.
The chemical formula is Al(NO3)3.9H2O
Warning: These reactions must be performed outside or in a fumehood.
At first it might seem that simply mixing aluminum with nitric acid can be done. But interestingly enough, aluminum is immune to the effects of nitric acid. So in order to make aluminum nitrate a two step method is needed.
First the aluminum is dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid. This produces a solution of aluminum trichloride.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u4Ha1SJrazY
We make silver acetate used for making conductive silver ink.
Silver acetate is made by reacting 20g of silver nitrate in 10mL of water with 20g of sodium acetate in 50mL of water and filtering the precipitated silver acetate. It is washed several times with water and allowed to dry.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2J6V4acKels
In this video we make tertiary alcohols using the (in)famous Grignard reaction.
Briefly, an alkyl halide is reacted with magnesium metal to form an organometallic alkyl magnesium halide. This is the grignard reagent. This reagent is then reacted with a carbonyl containing compound suck as a ketone, an ester or an organic carbonate to form a tertiary alcohol. The mixture is then reacted with water and titrated with acid to dissolve the magnesium hydroxides formed. Finally, the alcohol is purified by a series of liquid extractions and distillations.
Related videos:
Purifying and drying diethyl ether for use in grignard reactions: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EEXqjJd0Bak
Making alkyl halides: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ydn1D4FSqkc
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EFQWD7-DCPI
In this video we recover platinum from platinum containing laboratory chemical waste.
This method was heavily drawn from the method at this citation: G.B. Kauffman, L.A. Teter, Inorg. Synth. 7 (1963) 232–236
Now laboratory chemical waste needs to be incinerated first to remove all organic compounds. Chemical methods are not used because they are more expensive and cannot deal with all types of organic residues. Incineration is the cheapest broadly applicable solution. We've already done this in part 1 of this series: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xeKZdJ1As7I
Now in this video we process the platinum concentrate powder into platinum metal. We're using 2.4g of platinum concentrate but your numbers may be adjusted accordingly
First we boil the powder with some concentrated hydrochloric acid. About 10-25ml of acid per gram of platinum concentrate. The mixture is then filtered and the residue is subjected to aqua regia digestion. About 4mL of aqua regia (3ml hcl and 1 mL nitric acid) for every gram of platinum concentrate. The mixture is gently heated to drive the reaction. After all the nitrogen oxides have been driven off the mixture is filtered and is again subjected to aqua regia treatment. This is repeated until the filtrate is a constant shade of light yellow or until stannous chloride testing shows no metals dissolving. The residue is then weighed to determine how much metal was dissolved.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7B-EwKOqqv4
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gwu0iAMp5D4
In this video we repurify very old triethylamine using sodium metal and distillation. A common lab technique for purifying chemicals that don't react with sodium.
Related videos:
FAIL - Badly Stored Chemicals: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tVWTbYz4Z-o
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nQnUeHOa6ow
In this video we make a chemical thunderstorm in a beaker using manganese heptoxide.
I wanted recreate the test tube thunderstorm on a larger scale, adding sound for a more immersive experience. The setup involved using a glass funnel to carefully pour sulfuric acid into ethanol and form a layer of it in the bottom. Sprinkling potassium permanganate into the mix led to the formation of manganese heptoxide that reacted with ethanol and produced display of small explosions, accompanied by popping sounds and flashes of light.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxCO9BaBBHg
Glassware generously provided by http://www.alchemylabsupply.com/
Use the discount code "copper" for a 5% discount.
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In this video we make trimethyl orthoformate.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TmUNTkP2nw0